Mr. Liu still has no idea whether long Jianhua can be hooked by the granddaughter of other old comrades. After all, Liu Zhifei has just started his junior year and has two years to graduate.
No one can tell such a thing, so he is a little guilty.
After dinner, he ran home in a hurry on the pretext that he was tired and needed a rest. As a result, Liu Zhifei and they haven''t come back yet.
After forcing himself to take a lunch break, he learned that Qin Huiyan had returned and that Liu Zhifei had gone to school. He immediately found Qin Huiyan and asked her to contact long Jianhua to tell the old comrades about his views on the general trend.
Qin Huiyan stayed for a long time and asked, "Dad, are you sure he can speak? Will not be laughed at by you? "
The old man hesitated for a moment. "I heard old man Li say that the head said, ''long Jianhua has a wide vision, and ordinary people are not as good as him''. I think he will."
Qin Huiyan looked at him in surprise and then nodded, "he will go to xiangdao tomorrow afternoon. I''ll contact him tonight."
She can''t figure out what long Jianhua said, but she was given such an evaluation by the head
Long Jianhua was also a little confused when he received a call from his future mother-in-law and learned that the old man wanted him to tell the old comrades about the general trend of the world.
What are you talking about?
About the war between Britain and Argentina on the Falklands that will break out next year?
It is said that the iron lady will come to Kyoto with the residual power of the victory of the war, and want the eagle country to continue to rent xiangdao?
Xiangdao is now like this. It is no longer the history of previous lives. Will she still have that idea?
What about the Fifth Middle East war next year?
About the shepherd that will appear soon?
About the disintegration of the Soviet Union in eight years?
The point is, can you speak?
Absolutely not!
In the morning of the next day, he was received by a special bus from Shichahai quadrangle to a quadrangle, and then led to a conference room; Looking at the 37 people in the four laps, including 16 old comrades, long Jianhua was very nervous.
Except for the five secretaries who sit alone and take notes, the lowest level present is deputy secretary. He has never seen such a scene before, which is very stressful.
Standing there slightly embarrassed, he said, "leaders, I''m a little overwhelmed and don''t know what to say."
This is definitely not modest, pure emotion.
It''s too big.
Old man Zhang smiled, "don''t worry, sit down first."
With a "Oh" sound, he came to the chair he had prepared for him and sat down.
Master Li laughed and said, "you may have more problems than us in xiangdao; In addition, you are engaged in business and have done quite well. You must have your own view on the general trend. "
Then he waved his hand, "speak casually. What you say, what we listen to. "
He nodded and then said, "I was a little interested in US Soviet relations some time ago. Why don''t I talk about the Cuban Missile Crisis?"
He has read a lot of information about the Cuban Missile Crisis in his previous life and feels that it is a classic of compromise and negotiation. Such negotiations are suitable not only for political negotiations, but also for business negotiations.
In the nod of the crowd, he began to talk
From April 17 to 19, 1961, the United States failed to land in the bay of pigs, Cuba; Cuba has since requested military assistance from the Soviet Union. Since mid July 1962, the Soviet Union''s plan to deploy missiles in Cuba has officially begun to be implemented.
The reason why Cuba fell to the Soviet Union is that the United States imposed sanctions on the Castro government, resulting in serious anti rice sentiment among the Cuban middle class, and the Cuban government followed the trend.
In July, the US government continued to receive information on Soviet military assistance to Cuba, but President Kennedy and most of his advisers believed that it was impossible for the Soviet Union to provide offensive military equipment to Cuba.
In September, the US intelligence community said in a special national intelligence assessment that Khrushchev would not risk deploying offensive missiles in Cuba because it would contradict "the policies pursued and to be implemented by the Soviet Union so far".
On October 14, the U-2 reconnaissance plane of the United States found evidence that the Soviet Union was building six medium range missile bases in Cuba; On the 16th, these evidence materials were sent to Kennedy.
Since then, the Kennedy administration has strengthened its aerial reconnaissance and surveillance of Cuba.
The reason why the Soviet Union dared to deploy missiles in Cuba was based on Khrushchev''s three estimates: 1. Their actions were very secret and everything was going on secretly, so these missile bases would not be discovered until they were available for use; 2. Even if the United States discovered these missiles and was threatened by the Soviet Union, the United States did not dare to risk retaliation and could only accept the reality; 3. Even if the Americans dare to make a difference, they can cope with it with the strength of the Soviet Union.
In Khrushchev''s mind, Kennedy was just a child of a rich family, and his expression after the failure of the bay of pigs incident - very shocked, very upset and a little mentally broken.
But the fact is that Kennedy was shocked when he learned that the Soviet Union had deployed missiles in Cuba on October 16.
He believes that this incident hides an unimaginable crisis, which will affect the prestige and reputation of the United States in the world. Secondly, it will threaten his party''s control over Congress and his own credibility among government members, and then threaten his presidency.
At the subsequent Executive Committee of the National Security Council, he said that no matter what Khrushchev''s real intention is, the United States must make a firm and powerful response to force the Soviet Union to dismantle and withdraw its missiles.
His next question to consider is how to eliminate missiles in Cuba without risking a nuclear conflict with the Soviet Union.
Until the morning of the 21st, Kennedy had not considered any political or diplomatic solution. His focus was still on military options.
He believes that there are four military operations to choose from: air strikes against three missile bases that have been found; Launch more large-scale attacks on airports, missile bases and other relevant auxiliary facilities; Embargo against Cuba; Implement a full-scale invasion.
With the deepening of the discussion, Kennedy''s idea became more and more firm, that is, blockade. He defined action as "limited blockade for limited purposes".
At 7 p.m. on October 22, he delivered a televised speech to the whole country, pointing out that the Soviet Union was building an offensive missile base in Cuba, which would pose an obvious threat to the peace and security of the whole Americas. This was "a deliberately provocative and unreasonable change to the status quo", which was totally unacceptable to the United States.
He stressed that the unshakable goal of the United States is that these missiles will not be used to attack the United States or any other country, and that these missiles will be withdrawn or eliminated from the Americas.
To this end, he proposed several "preliminary measures" such as the implementation of maritime "isolation" against Cuba
A few hours before the speech, the global rice army had entered level 3 combat readiness.
183 ships were deployed in the Caribbean and South Atlantic regions, including 8 aircraft carriers, 2 cruisers, 118 destroyers, 13 submarines and 68 air squadrons.
At 12 noon on the 22nd, the combat staff of the strategic air force command was on duty 24 hours a day and night. 183 b-47 strategic bombers carrying nuclear warheads were evacuated to 33 civil and military airports in China; 66 B-52 with nuclear warheads, accounting for 18 of the US strategic bombers, are on standby in the air; In the evening, the number of ground guard bombers was increased from 652 to 912.
The B-52 strategic bomber on air alert closely monitored all activities of ships entering and leaving Cuba, and then sent more aircraft to assist the Atlantic Fleet in its maritime surveillance operations on the 25th.
At the same time, the Pentagon prepared an air strike and amphibious landing action plan and made preparations for the attack on Cuba.
The MI fighters in Yingguo, Furui Enshi, xijiemaoni, island Japan and other places were ready for battle, aiming to give the Soviet Union the impression that the strategic command was fully ready.
The Soviet Union was aware of the US alert action and that 20% of the aircraft of the US Strategic Air Force Command were flying around in the air with atomic and hydrogen bombs.
When the White House Press Secretary announced at noon on the 22nd that Kennedy would make an important speech that night, Khrushchev realized that the United States might have found a missile launch base.
Khrushchev''s aim in building a missile base in Cuba was to reverse the strategic disadvantage of the Soviet Union. Once Cuba succeeds, it can make the United States accept a fait accompli and help to solve the political and military problems encountered by the Soviet Union, so as to change the entire cold war environment, re reach a strategic balance and have more capital to bargain with the United States.
He was very worried that the missile project had not been completed at this time, and the launch site was in a defenseless position, so the Americans could easily destroy it from the air; If the United States wants an air raid, they won''t announce it in advance... He doesn''t know what action the United States will take next.
He immediately held a meeting of the central presidium from 10 p.m. local time to the early morning of the next day. At 1 a.m., he learned of Kennedy''s speech.
They are glad that the United States did not use air strikes to destroy missiles, and the "isolation" action taken against the United States is incomprehensible.
Khrushchev made a decision: speed up the construction of missile bases, pay close attention to camouflage, and show that "we must show our determination to use force against force".
Next, the Soviet army began to step up preparations and put on a showdown with the United States.
The strategic missile force, air defense force and submarine force all suspended the demobilization of veterans, stopped all personal vacations, strategic bombers began to move forward along the base, the Warsaw Pact joint forces entered a state of combat readiness, nuclear submarines spread all over the world, and intercontinental missiles were in a state of combat readiness.
Through intelligence analysis, the US intelligence department found that although the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact raised their vigilance, there was no sufficient evidence that the Soviet Union was ready to launch an all-out war.
At this time, the United States deployed 15 "Jupiter" missiles in Turkey, which were ready for launch, but Kennedy insisted that these missiles were not allowed to fire on the Soviet Union without his authorization.
He personally directed the implementation of the "isolation" measures. Decisions on which ships to suspend, when and how to announce the suspension order, and under what circumstances to board the ship should be subject to his orders.
His attitude is: as far as possible, there should be no casualties or sinking of the ship; Submarines shall be searched by radar and tracked by warships to force them to surface, but no offensive action shall be taken.
Khrushchev also took some actions in order not to expand the situation.
On the evening of the 24th, the Tass news agency of the Soviet Union broadcast his reply to Russell, a famous pacifist and philosopher in the eagle country. In the letter, he said, "the issue of war and peace is so important that we should consider holding a summit meeting to discuss all the problems that have occurred and make every effort to eliminate the risk of thermonuclear war."
In his letter to Wu Dan, Acting Secretary General of the United Nations, Khrushchev also said that he was willing to negotiate even under the blockade.
On the afternoon of the 24th, he suddenly summoned William Knox, general manager of Westinghouse international, an American entrepreneur in Moscow. They had a four hour conversation.
During the conversation, he admitted that there were Soviet missiles and nuclear warheads in Cuba, but stressed that this was for defense purposes and that Kennedy was risking a world war; At the same time, he promised that these missiles were under the firm control of the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union would not be the first to use nuclear weapons. He was not interested in destroying the world.
At the same time, he also warned that if the US Navy tried to intercept Soviet ships bound for Cuba, sooner or later the Soviet Union would order submarines to sink those US warships or intercept US ships on the high seas for revenge. The Soviet Union could not endure indefinitely.
At 10 a.m. on the 24th, the US Maritime blockade was officially launched, and the US Navy set up obstacles in the waters 500 nautical miles away from Cuba.
At this time, 16 Soviet dry cargo ships and 6 oil tankers were sailing to Cuba, of which 3 cargo ships with large hatches were suitable for loading missiles.
Finally, the United States and the Soviet Union formed a confrontation between the two armies in the Caribbean, an extremely dangerous situation.
As long as the Soviet ships refuse to stop sailing for inspection, the US Navy will fire on them; The Soviet cargo ships are escorted by submarines carrying nuclear warheads. Once the cargo ships are attacked, the submarine captain can fight back against the rice warships, and can decide to use atomic torpedoes when necessary.
In Cuba, the Soviet Union has not only medium range missiles, but also 162 nuclear missiles and tactical nuclear warheads.
The appearance of the confrontation made both Khrushchev and Kennedy look anxious.
Kennedy doubted whether his order was correctly understood and implemented, and stressed that "only the president''s order can fire, otherwise there will be World War III".
Although Khrushchev believed that the military mobilization of the MI army was a threat, he was not sure about the development of the situation.
At the meeting of the central presidium held on the morning of the 24th, he expressed his hope to solve the missile crisis.
He said that it would not be effective to continue tit for tat with Kennedy. He proposed that ships carrying missiles to Cuba stop moving, or anchor on the spot, wait for the end of the blockade, or turn around and return, and seek new ways to protect Cuba or make it "a peaceful area".
At the meeting, it was decided that ships transporting civilian goods, including oil tankers, would continue to move forward, and the United States would not be allowed to board for inspection. At that time, the captains of warships and submarines received a coded telegram from Moscow, ordering "not to contact the obstruction of the United States, not to cross the blockade, but to move to a safe place and stand by."
In the United States, Kennedy also instructed the Atlantic Fleet Command not to take any action to let the Soviet ships leave calmly, except to give the Soviet ships a chance to turn around.
In order to prevent naval officers from acting rashly and taking some unauthorized actions, thereby aggravating the crisis, he also issued a strict order to naval operations minister Anderson: no Soviet ships and ships outside the blockade area shall be blocked, forcibly boarded or harassed; As long as the ship heading for the separation line is closely followed, no action can be taken without clear instructions.
On the 25th, Khrushchev chaired a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee.
He believes that the latest intelligence shows that Kennedy will not flinch. If we insist on deploying missiles in Cuba, the result will only be a war. Now it is time to adopt tactical flexibility. It is suggested to trade directly. If Kennedy promised not to invade Cuba, he would order the dismantling of ballistic missiles.
On the 26th, 16 of the 18 Soviet cargo ships began to return; On the same day, Washington received a personal letter from Khrushchev to Kennedy, "showing a completely reasonable understanding of the meaning of the crisis."
In his letter, Khrushchev urged Kennedy to act cautiously and exercise restraint, and hinted that the Soviet Union could withdraw missiles and troops from Cuba in exchange for the US pledge not to invade Cuba.
On the 27th, two low altitude reconnaissance planes of the United States were attacked by Cuban ground artillery. A U-2 plane was shot down by a Soviet missile and the pilot was killed.
There is increasing pressure for air strikes in the United States.
On that day, unknowingly, Khrushchev put forward new trading conditions, requiring the United States to withdraw its missiles from Turkey in exchange for the Soviet Union to withdraw its missiles from Cuba.
Kennedy, who already knew the situation, did not approve retaliation against Cuba. Instead, at the suggestion of Soviet experts, he deliberately ignored Khrushchev''s second letter and only responded to the proposal of his first letter - to ensure that he would not invade Cuba in exchange for the withdrawal of Soviet missiles from Cuba.
In his letter, he warned Khrushchev: if the Soviet Union does not withdraw missiles, or links this issue with broader issues in Europe and the world and delays the debate on the Cuban issue, it will certainly aggravate the Cuban crisis and seriously threaten world peace. In order to avoid any communication delay, the US government also released the letter directly to the media.
Later, Khrushchev was shocked to learn that an American plane had been shot down over Cuba. He was very worried that Kennedy could not stand such stimulation and made a tough response. He denounced the commander of the Soviet army in Cuba.
In the early morning of the 28th, the Soviet ambassador to Cuba relayed Castro''s letter. Castro said that the United States would invade Cuba in the next 24-72 hours. Castro''s letter actually urged the Soviet Union to "immediately launch a nuclear attack on the United States".
At 10 a.m. on the 28th, Khrushchev convened another meeting of the presidium of the Supreme Soviet and received a letter from Kennedy at the meeting.
He believed that Kennedy had made the final concession, and if the Soviet Union did not compromise, the rice army''s invasion of Cuba was inevitable.
The meeting decided to accept the proposal of the United States to promise not to invade Cuba and the Soviet Union to withdraw missiles.
From November 8 to 11, the Soviet Union withdrew all its missiles from Cuba and accepted inspections and photos of ships of the US Navy on the high seas;
On November 20, the Soviet Union promised to withdraw Il-28 bombers within 13 days.
Immediately, the rice side announced the lifting of the blockade.
The Soviet military used this incident to propose a new, large-scale nuclear weapons program, especially to vigorously develop land-based intercontinental missiles that can hit the US mainland.
The plan was approved.
In order to change the nuclear disadvantage shown in the missile crisis and achieve parity with the United States